> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.investsync.co.nz/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Transaction types > Understand how each transaction type affects holdings, cost basis, market value, income, and reporting in InvestSync ## Overview Transaction types tell InvestSync what kind of investment activity has happened. The type you choose affects how the holding is shown, how cost basis is maintained, and how later reports interpret the activity. Use the transaction type that best matches the source document or event. A sale, a capital repayment, a loan repayment, and a redemption may all involve cash coming back to the investor, but they do not mean the same thing for the holding. ## What InvestSync updates Depending on the transaction type, InvestSync may update: * **Units**: the number of shares, units, notes, or interests held. * **Cost basis**: the capital invested in the holding, after purchases, returns of capital, calls, and other adjustments. * **Market value**: the current carrying value shown for the investment. * **Income**: dividends, interest, PIE income, and related tax details. * **Realised gains or losses**: outcomes from disposals such as sales, redemptions, buybacks, liquidations, or write-offs. * **Audit trail**: the source document, review decision, and change history where available. ## Transaction type guide | Transaction type | Use this when | Effect in InvestSync | | -------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **Buy** | New units are purchased. | Increases units and cost basis. Updates the holding value using the purchase amount and price. | | **Sell** | Units are sold to another buyer or through a market sale. | Reduces units. Records proceeds and may create a realised gain or loss against the sold portion. | | **Stock split** | A share split or consolidation changes the number of units. | Changes units without treating the event as a purchase or sale. Cost basis and value are spread across the new unit count. | | **Bonus issue** | Extra units are issued for no additional payment. | Increases units without adding new cost basis. Existing cost basis is spread across more units. | | **Rights issue** | Units are taken up through a rights issue, entitlement offer, or share purchase plan. | Increases units and cost basis by the amount paid. | | **Redemption** | Units, notes, or fund interests are repaid, matured, or redeemed by the issuer. | Reduces units. Records proceeds and treats the event like a disposal for reporting purposes. | | **Capital call** | More capital is paid into an existing investment without receiving new units. | Increases cost basis and value, while the unit count stays the same. | | **Buyback** | The issuer buys back shares or units. | Reduces units. Records proceeds and treats the event like a disposal. | | **Liquidation** | A wind-up, final distribution, or liquidation reduces or closes the holding. | Reduces or closes units. Records proceeds and supports realised gain or loss review. | | **Dividend** | Dividend income is paid or reinvested. | Records income, net cash received, tax entries, and reinvestment details where relevant. | | **Interest** | Interest income is paid on a note, loan, bond, cash account, or similar investment. | Records income, net cash received, and tax entries where relevant. | | **Partnership income/loss allocation** | A partnership allocates income or a loss to the investor, with or without tax attached. | Records allocated income or loss, net cash received where applicable, and any tax entries shown on the statement. | | **PIE unlisted attribution** | An unlisted PIE fund attributes income to the investor. | Records gross income, net amount, IRD reporting date, and tax entries shown on the PIE statement. | | **PIE listed distribution** | A listed PIE distribution is paid or reinvested. | Records the distribution, net amount, reporting date, and any credits or tax entries shown on the source document. | | **PIE unlisted excluded distribution** | An unlisted PIE excluded distribution is shown on a tax statement. | Records the income amount and tax details without changing the holding units. | | **Fee** | An investment-related fee is charged. | Records a cost without changing units. Fees can be reviewed with the transaction history and reports. | | **Capital repayment** | Capital is returned without selling or redeeming units. | Reduces cost basis and the displayed value for private or manually valued holdings, while the unit count stays the same. This is different from a sale. | | **Loan repayment** | Loan principal is repaid by the borrower or issuer. | Reduces cost basis and the displayed value for private or manually valued holdings, while the unit count stays the same. It is not treated as taxable income. | | **Revaluation** | A current value is recorded for a private, unlisted, or manually valued investment. | Updates the carrying value without changing units or cost basis. | | **Write-off** | Some or all remaining value is written down. | Reduces holding value and may close units, depending on the entry. Supports realised loss review. | ## Choosing between similar types ### Sale, redemption, buyback, and liquidation Use these when units reduce and cash or value is received because part or all of the holding has been disposed of. * Use **Sell** for a normal market or private sale. * Use **Redemption** when the issuer or fund repays or redeems the units. * Use **Buyback** when the issuer buys back its own shares or units. * Use **Liquidation** for a wind-up or final distribution. These transaction types reduce units and are treated as disposal-style events. ### Capital repayment, loan repayment, and sale Use **Capital repayment** when capital is returned but the investor still holds the same units. This reduces the cost basis of the holding. For private or manually valued investments, InvestSync also reduces the displayed value by the repayment amount so the value stays aligned with the reduced capital still invested. Use **Loan repayment** when loan principal is repaid. This reduces cost basis and does not create taxable income. Record any separate interest payment as **Interest**. Do not use **Sell** unless units were actually sold or disposed of. ### Capital call versus rights issue Use **Capital call** when extra capital is paid into the same holding and no new units are issued. Use **Rights issue** when the investor receives or subscribes for additional units. ### Bonus issue versus rights issue Use **Bonus issue** when extra units are issued for no payment. Use **Rights issue** when the investor pays for additional units. ### Revaluation versus transaction Use **Revaluation** when the source shows a current value, such as a valuation statement or private investment update, and no actual movement of cash or units occurred. Do not use revaluation for a completed buy, sale, income payment, fee, redemption, or capital event. ## Unit requirements Some transaction types need units because they change or confirm the holding quantity: * Buy * Sell * Stock split * Bonus issue * Rights issue * Redemption * Buyback * Liquidation * Revaluation * Write-off Other transaction types usually do not need units: * Dividend * Interest * Partnership income/loss allocation * PIE unlisted attribution * PIE listed distribution * PIE unlisted excluded distribution * Fee * Capital call * Capital repayment * Loan repayment ## Documents and review When documents are uploaded or received by email, InvestSync may suggest a transaction type from the source text. Always review the suggested type before saving. Check the type carefully when a document mentions capital returned, repayment, maturity, redemption, wind-up, entitlement offers, or share issues. These words can look similar, but they affect holdings and cost basis differently. ## Good practice Use the wording and effect shown in the contract note, statement, issuer notice, or capital call notice. If units changed, choose a type that reflects the unit movement. If units did not change, avoid sale-style types unless the source clearly shows a disposal. Dividends, interest, and PIE distributions or attributions are income. Partnership allocations may be income or losses. Capital repayments, loan repayments, and redemptions are capital events and should not be entered as income. Capital calls increase cost basis. Capital repayments and loan repayments reduce cost basis and, for private or manually valued holdings, reduce the displayed value. Bonus issues spread the existing cost basis across more units. Attach or retain the source document so the transaction can be reviewed later.